Mu kiganiro kibanziriza iki twibanze kuri bumwe muburyo bubiri butandukanye bwo kwikiza muri capacitori ya firime: gusohora kwikiza, bizwi kandi nka voltage yo kwikiza.Muri iki kiganiro tuzareba ubundi bwoko bwo kwikiza, amashanyarazi yishakiye, nanone bakunze kwita imbaraga nke zo kwikiza.

Amashanyarazi-Kwikiza

Kwikiza nkibi bikunze kugaragara muri capacitori ya aluminium yakozwe na voltage nkeya.Uburyo bwo kwikiza ni ubu bukurikira: niba hari inenge muri firime ya dielectric ya capacitori ya firime yicyuma, nyuma ya voltage yongewe kuri capacitor (nubwo voltage iba mike cyane), hazabaho kumeneka kwinshi ikigezweho binyuze mu nenge, igaragazwa nkurwanya insulation ya capacitor iri munsi cyane yagaciro kerekanwe mubihe bya tekiniki.Biragaragara, hariho ionic ingendo kandi birashoboka ko ari electronique mumashanyarazi.Kuberako ubwoko bwose bwa firime ngenga ifite igipimo runaka cyo kwinjiza amazi (0.01% kugeza 0.4%) kandi kubera ko ubushobozi bwa capacator bushobora guterwa nubushuhe mugihe cyo kubikora, kubika no kubikoresha, igice kinini cyumuyaga wa ionic kizaba O2- na H-ion imigezi ituruka kumazi arimo amashanyarazi.Nyuma yuko O2-ion igeze kuri AL ya metero ya anode, ihuza na AL ikora AL2O3, igenda ikora buhoro buhoro AL2O3 igabanya igihe kugirango itwikire kandi itandukane inenge, bityo yongere imbaraga zo kurwanya insulitori kandi igere no kwikiza.

Biragaragara ko imbaraga runaka zisabwa kugirango urangize kwikiza kwa capacitori ya firime.Hariho amasoko abiri yingufu, imwe iva mumashanyarazi naho iyindi ituruka kuri okiside na nitriding exothermic reaction yicyuma mugice cyinenge, ingufu zisabwa mukwikiza zikunze kwitwa imbaraga zo kwikiza.

 
Kwikiza ni ikintu cyingenzi kiranga ibyuma bifata ibyuma kandi inyungu izana ni ngombwa.Ariko, hariho ibibi bimwe, nko kugabanuka gahoro gahoro ubushobozi bwa capacitor yakoreshejwe.Niba ubushobozi bukorana no kwikiza kwinshi, bizatuma kugabanuka gukomeye kwubushobozi bwayo no kurwanya insulasiyo, kwiyongera cyane muburyo bwo gutakaza no kunanirwa byihuse.

Niba ufite ubushishozi mubindi bice byo kwikiza bya capacitori ya firime, nyamuneka tubiganireho.