Ni ikiUmuyoboro w'icyuma gishyushya?

Mu buryo bugezweho bw'amashanyarazi n'ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho byo guhinduranya ibikoresho nka transistors, thyristors (SCR), IGBTs, na relay bigira uruhare runini. Ariko, ibi bikoresho bikunze guhura n'izamuka ry'amashanyarazi n'impinduka z'amashanyarazi zitunguranye bitewe n'imitwaro itera imbaraga, bishobora gutera kwangirika, imikorere mibi, no kubangamira amashanyarazi bidakenewe (EMI). Aha niho habera ikibazo gikomeye.capacitors zidafite ubushobozi bwo gusohorabinjire mu bikorwa.

Gusobanukirwa Snubber Capacitors

A capacitor y'icyuma gishyushyani capacitor yihariye ikoreshwa mu byuma bihindura amashanyarazi kugira ngo irinde ibikoresho bihindura amashanyarazi ku mihindagurikire y'amashanyarazi n'imiyaga ihindagurika. Mu gutanga inzira y'agateganyo y'amashanyarazi, capacitor zihindura amashanyarazi zifasha mu kugabanya umuvuduko ku bice bihindura amashanyarazi, zikongera igihe cyazo cyo kubaho, kandi zikongera ubwizigirwa bw'amashanyarazi.

Kuki hakenewe Snubber Circuits?

Imiyoboro ya Snubber ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye, harimo:

• Ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi– guhagarika ubwiyongere bw'amashanyarazi.
• Imiyoboro yo kohereza no kontaktori– kugabanya imiterere y'umurambararo w'imirongo ihuza abantu.
• Semiconductor switches (SCR, IGBT, GTO, nibindi)– kugabanya izamuka ry'amashanyarazi (dV/dt) n'izamuka ry'amashanyarazi (di/dt), birinda kohereza ibintu bitari byo no gucika kw'igikoresho.

Imiyoboro ya Snubber ikora ite?

Imiyoboro ya Snubber isanzwe igizwe na capacitor cyangwaumuyoboro wa resistor-capacitor (RC)ishyirwa ku gikoresho cyo guhinduranya.

• Kugabanya Voltage Spike:Iyo SCR cyangwa transistor izimye, umutwaro utera imbaraga utera imbaraga nyinshi. Capacitor ifata ingufu, ikarinda ingufu nyinshi z'amashanyarazi.
• Kugenzura dV/dt:Capacitor igabanya umuvuduko w'izamuka ry'amashanyarazi kuri switch, yirinda ko thyristors n'izindi semiconductors zitangira gukora ibintu bitateguwe.
• Igenzura rya di/dt:Kongeramo resistor mu buryo bukurikiranye hamwe na capacitor bigabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ujya mu kirere iyo switch ifunguye, bikarinda umuvuduko ukabije ku gice.

Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga Snubber Capacitors

Capacitors za Snubber zagenewe guhangana n'imigezi ifite frequency yo hejuru n'imivuduko isubiramo. Ibiranga byazo by'ingenzi birimo:

• Inshuro nyinshi zemewe zo gukora (100 kHz cyangwa zirenga).
• Gushyushya bike kandi nta gihombo kirimo.
• Ubudahangarwa buke bw'uruhererekane (ESR) kugira ngo ingufu zifashishwe neza.
• Ubushobozi bwinshi bw'amashanyarazi n'ingufu zo gutwara imizigo y'igihe gito.

Ubwoko bwa Snubber Capacitors

Capacitors za Snubber ziza mu bwoko butandukanye bitewe n'urwego rw'ingufu n'ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa:

• Ibikoresho byo gukaraba ibikoresho bya Ceramic– Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukoresha ingufu nke.
• Ibikoresho byo gupima filime ya pulasitiki– Ikoreshwa mu byuma bikoresha ingufu nyinshi, harimo sisitemu z'amashanyarazi (EV) n'ibikoresho bigenzura moteri.
• Ibikoresho bya Polypropylene (MPP) byakozwe mu cyuma– Yagenewe gukoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye kandi bufite ingufu nyinshi kandi bufite umuvuduko muke.

Guhitamo Capacitor Ikwiye yo Kugabanya Ingufu

Guhitamo capacitor ikoresha snubber biterwa n'ibintu nka:

• Agaciro k'ubushobozi:Ubusanzwe biva kuri0.1µF kugeza 10µF, bitewe n'igikoresho gihinduranya n'uburyo umutwaro ushyirwamo.
• Igipimo cy'amashanyarazi:Igomba kuba iri hejuru y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi w'urukiramende.
• ESR n'igipimo cy'ubu:Igomba kuba iri hasi bihagije kugira ngo ishobore guhangana n'imigezi ishyushye idashyushye cyane.

Ni hehe hakoreshwa Snubber Capacitors?

Capacitors za Snubber ziboneka mu nganda zitandukanye no mu bikorwa bitandukanye, nko:

• Ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi (PSUs)
• Ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi (EVs) n'insinga zigenzura moteri
• Sisitemu z'ikoranabuhanga mu nganda
• Sisitemu z'ingufu zisubira (inverters z'izuba, turbine z'umuyaga)

Umwanzuro

Capacitors z’amashanyarazi zifite uruhare runini mu kurinda ibikoresho bihindura amashanyarazi ku mihindagurikire y’amashanyarazi, kugenzura imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi idahita, no kunoza imikorere y’amashanyarazi muri rusange. Uko amashanyarazi akoresha ingufu akomeje gutera imbere, icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu zidasanzwe kandi byizewe kizakomeza kwiyongera. Haba mu bikoresho by’amashanyarazi, mu nganda zikora ikoranabuhanga, cyangwa mu modoka zikoresha ingufu, izi capacitors zifasha mu gutuma imikorere igenda neza kandi ihamye mu bikoresho bikoresha ingufu nyinshi.