Muri iki cyumweru turakomeza hamwe nicyumweru gishize.

1.2 Imashanyarazi

Dielectric ikoreshwa muri capacitori ya electrolytike ni oxyde ya aluminiyumu ikorwa no kwangirika kwa aluminium, hamwe na dielectric ihoraho ya 8 kugeza 8.5 n'imbaraga za dielectric ikora nka 0.07V / A (1µm = 10000A).Ariko, ntibishoboka kugera kubwinshi.Ubunini bwurwego rwa aluminiyumu bugabanya ubushobozi (capacitance yihariye) ya capacitori ya electrolytique kubera ko fayili ya aluminiyumu igomba gushyirwaho kugirango ikore firime ya aluminium oxyde kugirango ibone ibintu byiza bibika ingufu, kandi ubuso buzakora ibintu byinshi bitaringaniye.Ku rundi ruhande, kurwanya electrolyte ni 150Ωcm kuri voltage nkeya na 5kΩcm kuri voltage ndende (500V).Kurwanya imbaraga za electrolyte bigabanya imiyoboro ya RMS ubushobozi bwa electrolytike ishobora kwihanganira, mubisanzwe kuri 20mA / µF.

Kubera izo mpamvu, ubushobozi bwa electrolytike bwateguwe kuri voltage ntarengwa ya 450V isanzwe (bamwe mubakora kugiti cyabo bashushanya 600V).Kubwibyo, kugirango ubone voltage ndende birakenewe kubigeraho uhuza capacator murukurikirane.Ariko, kubera itandukaniro ryo kurwanya insulasiyo ya buri capacitori ya electrolytike, résistoriste igomba guhuzwa na buri capacitori kugirango iringanize voltage ya buri serie ihuza capacitor.Byongeye kandi, capacitori ya electrolytike ni ibikoresho bya polarisiyasi, kandi iyo amashanyarazi akoreshwa arenze inshuro 1.5 Un, reaction ya electrochemic ibaho.Iyo ikoreshwa rya reaction ya voltage ni ndende ihagije, capacitor izasohoka.Kugirango wirinde iki kintu, diode igomba guhuzwa na buri capacitori iyo ikoreshejwe.Byongeye kandi, imbaraga za voltage zo guhangana na capacitori ya electrolytique muri rusange inshuro 1.15 Un, kandi nziza irashobora kugera kuri 1.2 Un.Abashushanya rero ntibagomba gutekereza gusa kuri reta ikora ya reta gusa ahubwo banareba na voltage ya surge mugihe uyikoresheje.Muri make, imbonerahamwe ikurikira yo kugereranya hagati yubushobozi bwa firime na capacitori ya electrolytike irashobora gushushanywa, reba Ishusho.1.

2. Isesengura ryo gusaba

Imiyoboro ya DC-Ihuza nkayunguruzo isaba ibyerekezo bihanitse kandi byubushobozi buhanitse.Urugero ni sisitemu nyamukuru yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu nkuko byavuzwe ku gishushanyo.3.Muri iyi porogaramu, capacitor ifite uruhare rwo gukuramo kandi umuzenguruko ugaragaza imikorere ikora cyane.Filime DC-Ihuza capacitor ifite ibyiza byo kuba ishobora kwihanganira imigezi minini ikora (Irms).Fata ibipimo byimodoka 50 ~ 60kW nkurugero, ibipimo nibi bikurikira: gukora voltage 330 Vdc, voltage ripple 10Vrms, ripple current 150Arms @ 10KHz.

Noneho ubushobozi buke bw'amashanyarazi bubarwa nka:

Ibi biroroshye kubishyira mubikorwa bya firime capacitor.Dufashe ko imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoreshwa, niba harebwa 20mA / μF, ubushobozi buke bwa capacitori ya electrolytique burabaze kugirango bujuje ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru kuburyo bukurikira:

Ibi bisaba ubushobozi bwa electrolytike nyinshi muburyo bubangikanye kugirango ubone ubwo bushobozi.

Mubisabwa birenze urugero, nka gari ya moshi yoroheje, bisi yamashanyarazi, metero, nibindi. Urebye ko izo mbaraga zahujwe na pantografi ya pantografi ikoresheje pantografi, imikoranire hagati ya pantografi na pantografi iba rimwe na rimwe mugihe cyurugendo rwo gutwara abantu.Iyo byombi bidahuye, amashanyarazi ashyigikirwa na capacitor ya DC-L, kandi iyo umubonano usubijwe, amashanyarazi arenze.Ikibazo kibi cyane ni isohoka ryuzuye na capacitori ya DC-Ihuza iyo ihagaritswe, aho voltage isohoka ihwanye na pantografi ya pantografi, kandi iyo umubonano ugaruwe, ibisubizo birenze urugero byikubye kabiri inshuro ebyiri zikoreshwa Un.Kubushobozi bwa firime ubushobozi bwa DC-Ihuza irashobora gukemurwa nta yandi mananiza.Niba ubushobozi bwa electrolytike bukoreshwa, hejuru ya voltage ni 1.2Un.Fata urugero rwa metero ya Shanghai.Un = 1500Vdc, kuri capacitori ya electrolytike kugirango urebe voltage ni:

Noneho capacator esheshatu 450V zigomba guhuzwa murukurikirane.Niba igishushanyo mbonera cya firime gikoreshwa muri 600Vdc kugeza 2000Vdc cyangwa 3000Vdc bigerwaho byoroshye.Byongeye kandi, imbaraga mugihe cyo gusohora byuzuye ubushobozi bwa capacitori ikora isohoka ryumuzunguruko mugufi hagati ya electrode zombi, bikabyara umuyoboro munini wa inrush unyuze muri capacitori ya DC-Link, ubusanzwe itandukanye nubushobozi bwa electrolytique kugirango bwuzuze ibisabwa.

Mubyongeyeho, ugereranije nubushobozi bwa electrolytike ya capacitori ya DC-Ihuza ubushobozi bwa firime irashobora gushushanywa kugirango igere kuri ESR yo hasi cyane (mubisanzwe munsi ya 10mΩ, ndetse no munsi ya <1mΩ) no kwikuramo LS (mubisanzwe munsi ya 100nH, kandi mubihe bimwe biri munsi ya 10 cyangwa 20nH) .Ibi bituma ubushobozi bwa firime ya DC-Ihuza gushyirwaho muburyo butaziguye muri module ya IGBT mugihe ushyizwe mubikorwa, bigatuma bisi ya bisi yinjizwa muri capacitori ya firime ya DC-Link, bityo bikavanaho gukenera imashini ya IGBT yabugenewe iyo ukoresheje ubushobozi bwa firime, ukizigama. uwashizeho amafaranga menshi.Igishushanyo.2.na 3 berekana ubuhanga bwa tekinike ya bimwe mubicuruzwa bya C3A na C3B.

3. Umwanzuro

Mu minsi ya mbere, ubushobozi bwa DC-Ihuza ahanini byari ubushobozi bwa electrolytique bitewe nigiciro hamwe nubunini.

Nyamara, capacitori ya electrolytike yibasiwe nubushobozi bwa voltage hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwihanganira (ESR iri hejuru cyane ugereranije nubushobozi bwa firime), birakenewe rero guhuza imiyoboro myinshi ya electrolytike ikurikirana kandi ikabangikanya kugirango tubone ubushobozi bunini kandi bujuje ibisabwa kugirango ukoreshe ingufu nyinshi.Byongeye kandi, urebye ihindagurika ryibikoresho bya electrolyte, bigomba gusimburwa buri gihe.Gukoresha ingufu nshya mubisanzwe bisaba ubuzima bwimyaka 15, bigomba rero gusimburwa inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 muriki gihe.Kubwibyo, hari ikiguzi kinini kandi kitoroshye muri serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha imashini yose.Hamwe nogutezimbere tekinoroji yububiko bwa tekinoroji hamwe nubuhanga bwa capacitori ya firime, byashobokaga kubyara ubushobozi bwa DC filteri ifite imbaraga nyinshi hamwe na voltage kuva 450V kugeza 1200V cyangwa ndetse ikarenga hamwe na firime ya ultra-thin OPP (yoroheje cyane 2.7µm, ndetse na 2,4µm) ukoresheje umutekano wa firime tekinoroji.Kurundi ruhande, guhuza ubushobozi bwa DC-Ihuza hamwe na bisi ya bisi ituma inverter module ishushanya cyane kandi igabanya cyane inductance yayobye yumuzunguruko kugirango uhindure uruziga.