Muri iki cyumweru tugiye gusesengura ikoreshwa rya capacitors za filime aho gukoresha capacitors za electrolytic muri capacitors za DC-link. Iyi nkuru izagabanywamo ibice bibiri.

Mu iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu, ikoranabuhanga rihinduka rikunze gukoreshwa uko bikwiye, kandi capacitors za DC-Link ni ingenzi cyane nk'imwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi mu guhitamo. Capacitors za DC-Link muri filters za DC muri rusange zikenera ubushobozi bunini, gutunganya umuriro mwinshi na voltage nyinshi, nibindi. Mu kugereranya imiterere ya capacitors za filime na capacitors za electrolytic no gusesengura ikoreshwa ryazo, iyi nyandiko isoza ivuga ko mu bishushanyo mbonera bya circuit bisaba voltage nyinshi ikora, voltage nyinshi (Irms), ibisabwa na voltage nyinshi, voltage reverse, voltage nyinshi inrush current (dV/dt) no kuramba. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyiramo umwuka mu byuma hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya capacitors za filime, capacitors za filime zizahinduka umurava ku mushushanyi wo gusimbuza capacitors za electrolytic mu bijyanye n’imikorere n’igiciro mu gihe kizaza.

Hamwe no gushyiraho politiki nshya zijyanye n’ingufu no guteza imbere inganda nshya z’ingufu mu bihugu bitandukanye, iterambere ry’inganda zifitanye isano muri uru rwego ryazanye amahirwe mashya. Kandi capacitors, nk’inganda z’ingenzi zijyanye n’ibicuruzwa, na zo zabonye amahirwe mashya yo guteza imbere. Mu binyabiziga bishya by’ingufu n’ingufu, capacitors ni ibice by’ingenzi mu kugenzura ingufu, gucunga ingufu, inverter y’amashanyarazi na sisitemu yo guhindura DC-AC igena ubuzima bw’inverter. Ariko, muri inverter, ingufu za DC zikoreshwa nk’isoko y’ingufu zinjiye, zihuzwa na inverter binyuze muri bisi ya DC, yitwa DC-Link cyangwa DC support. Kubera ko inverter yakira RMS nyinshi n’imivuduko y’ingufu nyinshi iva kuri DC-Link, ikora voltage nyinshi kuri DC-Link, , bigatuma inverter igorana kwihanganira. Kubwibyo, capacitor ya DC-Link irakenewe kugira ngo ifate voltage nyinshi iva kuri DC-Link kandi ikumire ihindagurika ry’ingufu nyinshi za inverter riri mu rugero rukwiye; ku rundi ruhande, inarinda inverters kugira ingaruka ku kwiyongera kwa voltage no guhindagurika kwa voltage ku gihe kuri DC-Link.

Ishusho y'ikoreshwa rya capacitors za DC-Link mu ngufu nshya (harimo ingufu z'umuyaga n'ingufu za photovoltaic) hamwe na sisitemu nshya z'ingufu zitwara moteri z'ibinyabiziga igaragara ku Ishusho ya 1 na 2.

Ishusho ya 1 igaragaza topology y'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi akoresha umuyaga, aho C1 ari DC-Link (muri rusange ihujwe na module), C2 ni ukwinjira kwa IGBT, C3 ni ukwinjira kwa LC (uruhande rwa net), na C4 rotor side DV/DT filtering. Ishusho ya 2 igaragaza ikoranabuhanga rya PV power converter circuit, aho C1 ari ukwinjira kwa DC, C2 ari ukwinjira kwa EMI, C4 ari DC-Link, C6 ari ukwinjira kwa LC (uruhande rwa grid), C3 ari ukwinjira kwa DC, na C5 ari ukwinjira kwa IPM/IGBT. Ishusho ya 3 igaragaza sisitemu nyamukuru ya moteri muri sisitemu nshya y'imodoka zikoresha ingufu, aho C3 ari DC-Link na C4 ari ukwinjira kwa IGBT.

Mu mikoreshereze mishya y’ingufu zavuzwe haruguru, capacitors za DC-Link, nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi, zirakenewe kugira ngo zigire icyizere kandi zirambe mu mikoreshereze y’ingufu z’umuyaga, mu mikoreshereze y’ingufu za photovoltaic na mu mikoreshereze mishya y’imodoka zikoresha ingufu, bityo guhitamo kwazo ni ingenzi cyane. Ibikurikira ni ukugereranya imiterere ya capacitors za filime na capacitors za electrolytic hamwe n’isesengura ryazo mu mikoreshereze ya capacitors za DC-Link.

1. Kugereranya imiterere

1.1 Capacitors za firime

Ihame ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gukoresha icyuma mu ruganda ribanza gushyirwaho: urwego rworoheje rw’icyuma rushyirwa mu mwuka ku buso bw’icyuma gito. Iyo hari inenge mu ruganda, urwo ruganda rushobora gushonga bityo rugatandukanya ahantu hafite inenge kugira ngo rurindwe, ikintu kizwi nka kwivura ubwacyo.

Ishusho ya 4 igaragaza ihame ryo gutwikira icyuma, aho icyuma gito gitunganywa mbere (corona y’ibindi) mbere yo gushyuha kugira ngo molekile z’icyuma zishobore kugifata. Icyuma gishonga mu buryo bw’umwuka binyuze mu gushonga ku bushyuhe bwinshi munsi y’ubushyuhe (1400℃ kugeza 1600℃ kuri aluminiyumu na 400℃ kugeza 600℃ kuri zinc), kandi umwuka w’icyuma uhuzwa hejuru ya filime iyo uhuye na filime ikonje (ubushyuhe bwo gukonjesha filime -25℃ kugeza -35℃), bityo bigahinduka icyuma. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gutwikira icyuma ryazamuye imbaraga za dielectric za dielectric kuri buri gice cy’ubugari, kandi igishushanyo cya capacitor cyo gukoresha pulse cyangwa discharge y’ikoranabuhanga ryumye gishobora kugera kuri 500V/µm, kandi igishushanyo cya capacitor cyo gukoresha DC filter gishobora kugera kuri 250V/µm. Capacitor ya DC-Link ni iya nyuma, kandi nk’uko IEC61071 yo gukoresha amashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki capacitor ishobora kwihanganira shock ikomeye ya voltage, kandi ishobora kugera kuri 2 voltage isanzwe.

Kubwibyo, umukoresha agomba gusa gusuzuma voltage y'imikorere ikenewe mu gishushanyo cye. Capacitors za filime z'icyuma zifite ESR nkeya, ibi bikaba bizifasha kwihanganira imirasire minini y'amazi; ESL yo hasi yujuje ibisabwa mu gishushanyo gito cy'inductance cya inverters kandi ikagabanya ingaruka zo guhindagurika ku mihindagurikire yo guhinduranya.

Ubwiza bwa dielectric ya firime, ubwiza bw'igitambaro cya metallization, imiterere ya capacitor n'uburyo bwo kuyikora bigena imiterere ya capacitors za metallized. Dielectric ya firime ikoreshwa muri capacitors za DC-Link ikorwa ahanini ni OPP firime.

Ibikubiye mu gice cya 1.2 bizasohoka mu nkuru y'icyumweru gitaha.